WHOLEDUDE – WHOLEDESIGNER – BAEYER:
The biological coloration generated by the pigments of biological tissues that reflect or transmit light are known as biochromes. The organic compounds, biochromes, are classified according to the presence or absence of Nitrogen. Pigments produce color by selective absorption of light. The molecules of pigment absorb a limited range of wavelengths; the light that is not absorbed is reflected and its dominant wavelength determines the pigment’s color. However, it must be noted that biochromes are involved in the performance of various, pivotal, metabolic functions apart from imparting color. The natural coloration of living things is more complex than the visual sensory experience of the color associated with living things.
Pigments are substances that impart color to other materials. Most paint pigments are metallic compounds. Some metallic pigments occur naturally. Plants and animals contain pigments. Most opaque substances owe their color to a combination of scattering and absorption within the body of the material. The production of color depends upon the wavelength of incident light, the diameter of the pigment particle, and the relationship between the refractive index of the pigment and that of the vehicle in which the pigment particles are suspended. The color of a chemical compound depends on the selective absorption of light by molecules whose size or vibrational wavelengths or both lie between 3000 and 7000 angstrom. Selective absorption of visible light results from retardation in the relative speed or vibrational frequency of the many rapidly vibrating electron pairs found in the chemical compound. The chemical molecule is imparted a special motion or chemical resonance. If this molecular resonance involves short, rapid waves, the shorter, visible light waves( Violet and Blue ) are absorbed, and the chemical compound appears Yellow or Orange. The Red-appearing pigments have slightly longer resonance values, absorb light from the Blue and Green regions of the light spectrum. Blue, and Green compounds result from cancellation of light in the Red, or Orange realms. Black substances absorb all light equally and completely; White compounds absorb no light in the visible spectrum. The color reflected by a pigment usually includes all the wavelengths of visible light except the absorbed fraction; the observed color of a compound thus depends upon the dominant wavelength reflected or transmitted. In most cases, the color observed by the viewer depends upon the optical absorption characteristics of the pigment, and the scattering effect caused by the medium in which the pigment molecules are suspended.
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